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on November 14, 2007

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Tailings Disposal Methods

Tailings Disposal Methods Pond Storage There are many different subsets of this method. Large earthen dams may be constructed and then filled with the tailings. Tailings may be deposited into natural geographical depressions. Exhausted open pit mines may be refilled with tailings. In all instances, due consideration must be made to contamination of the underlying water table, amongst other issues. Dewatering is an important part of pond storage, as the tailings are added to the storage facility the water is removed - usually by draining into decant tower structures. The water removed can thus be reused in the processing cycle. Once a storage facility is filled and completed, the surface can be covered with topsoil and revegetation commenced. However, unless a non-permeable capping method is used water that infiltrates into the storage facility will have to be continually pumped out into the future.

Open-pit mining

OPEN PIT MINING Open-pit mining, also known as opencast mining and open-cut mining, refers to a method of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow. The term is used to differentiate this form of mining from extractive methods that require tunneling into the earth. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful minerals or rock are found near the surface; that is, where the overburden (surface material covering the valuable deposit) is relatively thin or the material of interest is structurally unsuitable for tunneling (as would be the case for sand, cinder, and gravel). For minerals that occur deep below the surface—where the overburden is thick or the mineral occurs as veins in hard rock— underground mining methods extract the valued material.

Understanding the Characteristics of Important Rocks and Minerals in the Mining Industry

Understanding the Characteristics of Important Rocks and Minerals in the Mining Industry Introduction The mining industry is one of the most important industries for a country's economy. This industry involves the process of extracting and processing minerals from the earth to be used as raw materials for various industries such as construction, electronics, automotive, and more. In the process of mining and processing minerals, a deep understanding of the characteristics of rocks and minerals that will be extracted and processed is needed. This article will discuss the characteristics of important rocks and minerals in the mining industry. Characteristics of Rocks Rock is a solid material that consists of one or more minerals. Rocks can be classified into three main types, namely igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Each type of rock has different characteristics, which affect the way minerals are mined and processed. 1. Igneous Rocks Igneous rocks are formed f

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